Page 21 - 電機與電子群基本電學含實習升學寶典

Chapter 1 電學基本概念

1-4 電功率與電能

1 ̌ = ɢ × ي᜗୅ਗٙ൷ᕎdу W = F × SfՉʕdF ၈މ作用力dఊЗމˬ཭iS ၈މ
移動的距離dఊЗމʮˉiW ၈މ功dఊЗމೊЀf

2 ي᜗ՈϞЪ̌ٙঐɢdу၈༈ي᜗ՈϞ能量fঐඎձ̌ٙୌ໮ே݊ WdఊЗே݊焦耳f

3 1 ೊЀ = 1 ˬ཭ · ʮˉ = 1 ʮ˘ · ʮˉ€1 ʮ˘ = 9.8 ˬ཭f
9.8
4 ρ֞ගٙঐඎ̥݊Җόɪٙ޴ʝᔷ౬dՉᐼձʔᜊd၈ʘމ能量守恆֛ଣf

5 ΢၇ঐඎᔷ౬ٙண௪νɨڌהͪf

設備元件 能量轉換 設備元件 能量轉換
ཥccዱ ཥcঐ ÷ Έcঐ ఆcc̪ ཥcঐ ÷ ᑊcঐ
˄ජཥϫ Έcঐ ÷ ཥcঐ ௥дࠬ ᑊcঐ ÷ ཥcঐ
ཥਗዚ ཥcঐ ÷ ዚ૛ঐ ཥϫ̂ཥ ཥcঐ ÷ ʷኪঐ
೯ཥዚ ዚ૛ঐ ÷ ཥcঐ ཥϫ׳ཥ ʷኪঐ ÷ ཥcঐ
ཥccᒢ ཥcঐ ÷ ᆠcঐ ཥှ᚛ ཥcঐ ÷ ှcঐ
ᆠཥ౺˪ ᆠcঐ ÷ ཥcঐ ှఙ৬ΐኜ ှcঐ ÷ ཥcঐ

6 1. ཥ̌ଟ€PjఊЗࣛගהЪٙ功dאהऊঃٙ能量f
W V Q V × (It × ) V 2 c W
×
2
2. 電功率ʮόjP = = = = VI = I R = 註 V = ，V = IR
t t t R ∴ Q
䃎俛
3. ཥ̌ଟʮՓఊЗj瓦特e
䥺
3
4. ཥ̌ଟߵՓఊЗj৵ɢ€hpd1 hp = 746 W = 0.746 kW ≒ kW
V 2 4
7 1. 電能ʮόjW = PtVIt= = IRt = t
2
R
2. ཥঐٙఊЗϞjɷ͙ʃࣛ€kWheܓeཥɿͿत€eVeೊЀdᗫڷόνɨj

6
1 ܓཥ = 1 kWh = 1000 Wh€͙तʃࣛ= 1000 × (60 × 60)͙त߆ = 3.6 × 10 ೊЀ
c
-19
-19
1 eV = 1.6Ò10 ࢫԿ × 1Ϳत = 1.6 × 10 ೊЀ 註 對應公式為 W = VQ
8 效 率
1. ৿ண P މ፩̈̌ଟeP މ፩ɝ̌ଟeP މฦ̰̌ଟiۆ P = P + P
i
o
 i o 
W މ፩̈ঐඎdW މ፩ɝঐඎdW މฦঃঐඎiۆ W = W + W
i
o
 i o 
P
P P P P P − P − P W W
×
2. ࣖଟ η = η = 100% = o × o 100% = i i × 100% ㆾ ㆾ o × = 100% 100%×
100% =
o
×
cאcη
100% =
×
η =
×

o
o
100%
P i P i P + P + P P i P i W i W i
P
o
o
e e eneh n
3. n ࡈɿӻ୕ࣖଟʱйމ h 1 h 2 h 3
Еᑌܝӻ୕ᐼࣖଟ h T h 1 × h 3 × n × h n
= × h 2
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AD043_ch01_New.indd 11 2021/5/10 下午 02:06:08