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( 八 ) 過去完成式 (Past Perfect Simple)
1. 使用時機
(1) 在過去不同時間點發生的兩件事,先發生的事情使用「過去完成式」,
後發生的事情則使用「過去式」。簡而言之,比過去式發生更早的動作
使用過去完成式。
When she got to the party, her sister had already gone home.
當她到達派對時,她的姊姊已經回家了。
(2) 表示過去某個時刻前的經驗
I had never been to Japan then. 我當時從未去過日本。
2. 動詞規則
had + V-pp ( 過去分詞 )
Tom had learned English before he came to America.
湯姆在去美國前已經學過英文了。
When Mary went to Jason’s house, he had gone out.
當瑪莉去傑森的家裡時,傑森已經出去了。
過去分詞請參考附錄一
3. 句型介紹
第一人稱 第二人稱 第三人稱
肯定句 I/We had +V-p.p.... You had+V-p.p.... She/They had+V-p.p....
否定句 I/We had not+V-p.p.... You had not+V-p.p.... She/They had not+V-p.p....
疑問句 Had I/we+V-p.p....? Had you+V-p.p....? Had she/they+V-p.p....?
過去完成式中,不論何種句型均使用 had,後面動詞為過去分詞。
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